Fall 2004                                                                                                         3 Credits

 

Psychology 210-2

Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences

 

Catalog Description: An introduction to the basic statistics in the behavioral sciences, including organization and display of data; measures of central tendency; variability; correlation and regression; one- and two-sample t-tests; confidence intervals, one-way and two-way analysis of variance, chi-square; and consideration of effect size, power, and null hypothesis testing including types of errors. Students will be introduced to the computerized statistical analysis package SPSS-PC. (Q—designated as a Quantitative Reasoning course).

 

Instructor:      Christie P. Karpiak, Ph.D.        Office: AMH 129

Phone: 941-5886                     E-mail:karpiakc2@scranton.edu

           

            Office Hours: M & F 10:00 – 11:00, W 3:00-4:00, and by appointment

 

Time/Place:    M, W, F 1:00-1:50; HYL 102

                       

Required Materials:

 

Texts:

 

Minium, E. W., Clarke, R. C., & Coladarci, T. (1999). Elements of statistical reasoning. New York: Wiley.

 

Gilovich, T. (1993). How we know what isn’t so. Free Press.

 

Bound overheads, which you can purchase at the bookstore. There are not very many formal, instructor-driven lectures in this course. The overheads are designed to provide assistance in organizing your approach to the text and interpretation of some sections of the text.

 

Calculator:

 

A basic calculator with the following functions: +/-/x/divide; sum; sum of squares; sum of xy & sums of x and y; square root, and r (correlation). You will not be allowed to use the calculator on a computer or cell phone during exams.  

 

Internet Access:

 

You will be using Blackboard. 


 

Course Goals:

 

There are two broad goals for this course. The first is development of “statistical literacy”—the capacity to understand, question, and make good decisions about the statistical information encountered on a daily basis in the news, on the internet, and from other popular sources. The second is development of the statistical aspects of basic scientific research skills, including identification and clear statement of research questions to be addressed using statistics, capacity to read and understand the existing scientific literature, entry and analysis of data, and communication of the results of your data analysis.  

 

Upon successful completion of this course, you should be better able to:

 

1.         Understand basic statistical terminology and symbols

2.         Critically evaluate data-based information in the popular press

3.         Identify the following when faced with data-based information in the popular press and original research articles:

--basic design of the study and type of statistics applied

--relevant characteristics of the sample

--probability statements made based on the data

--claims made based on the data

--absence of any information needed for appropriate interpretation --limitations of the study

4.         Select appropriate analyses for specific research questions

5.         Enter raw data into SPSS files, conduct basic analyses, and interpret the resulting printouts

6.         Establish a frame of mind where logic and quantitative reasoning are embraced

7.         Work effectively in a group to tackle real-world questions

 

It is hoped that in the end you will come to better appreciate (maybe even love) the scientific pursuit of knowledge and will apply your new statistical understanding by thinking like a scientist about the numerical information that you are bombarded with daily.

 

 

For more about statistical literacy:

 

            Rumsey, D. J. (2002). Statistical literacy as a goal for introductory statistics courses. Journal of Statistics Education, 10. Internet source: http://www.amstat.org/publications/jse/v10n3/rumsey2.html

 

 


 

Problem-Based Learning

 

This course relies heavily on problem-based learning (PBL). You will work collaboratively in groups to answer real world questions and communicate your ideas and findings to others. Lectures and discussions led by the instructor, typically AFTER you have worked on the problem, will help to give a context and conceptual framework to the problems.

 

PBL is a natural match for science and research courses. Collaboration with other scientists and communication of results with the scientific community are crucial parts of the scientific pursuit in most fields. In the real world, a team addressing a specific research question might meet to discuss the problem and determine what each member will contribute, work more or less independently on the contribution, get back together to integrate their contributions, then repeat the process as often as needed until the work is done. A good PBL group should approximate that process.

 

Never going to be a scientist? This course is still relevant. We are bombarded daily with data-based information generated by scientists, economists, pollsters, marketing firms, pharmaceutical companies, and other individuals and organizations. There is wide variation in the quality of the data, motivations and levels of bias of the researchers or marketers, accuracy and completeness of the media reports of the findings, and validity of the conclusions presented to the public. As an educated person, you will need to be able to critically assess this wide array of information. As a professional in whatever field you choose to pursue, you will also need to be able to read the original research literature in your field (typically found in research journals). This literature is generated by research scientists and subject through the peer-review process to standards that make it less susceptible to biases and personal motivations than other sources of data-based information. This is the place where the truth about research findings is most likely to be found.

 

Whether you become a researcher or just a consumer of scientific findings, memorization and regurgitation of statistical formulas will not be of much assistance to you in the pursuit of truth. You will instead need to know how to read statistical information, how to identify the core research questions in popular and journal articles, when to apply particular statistical tests, and where to find needed information in order to conduct and interpret analyses. The PBL approach has been chosen because it is well-suited to the development of these skills, important for success in other aspects of your undergraduate education (especially the research methods class) and in your life following graduation.     

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/

 


Problem Solving

 

Problems are used to introduce various ideas or topics and to serve as focal points for learning new material. You may find this a bit unusual if you are more accustomed to working on problems after the pertinent material has already been thoroughly presented in lecture. My purpose here is to have the problem provide a context and reason for learning the material. You are not expected to be able to come up with a solution instantly—good PBL problems are meant to encourage a dialogue within your group about what knowledge or insights each of you brings to the situation, what information you collectively still lack, and where to find that information.

 

Students in this course have a range of backgrounds and experiences in mathematics, science, logic, and exposure to research, but each can make a valuable contribution to the efforts of the group. Some students may have more “content” knowledge than others, and will be able to test just how deep that knowledge is by trying to explain an idea to someone else. Others, by virtue of being unfamiliar with a particular area, can often help their group see a situation from different perspectives and, through their questions, make certain that all in the group finish with a true understanding of the material.

 

The general process for solving problems in this course:

 

  1. The learning process will be collaborative in small groups, similar to many professional working environments.
  2. The major concepts needed to solve the problems will not be given before the problems are tackled. Instead, with assistance from the course instructor and members of your group, you will learn how to identify what information is needed to proceed through the problem, and where to find this information as the course progresses.
  3. Problems will sometimes be introduced by a short lecture that may include an overview of the general subject area, suggestions about getting started, identification of potential pitfalls, and suggestions about where to find information.
  4. The problem-solving process will be interrupted as needed for additional pointers and clarification, mini-lectures, and for comparison of the approaches used by various groups.
  5. Each problem will be concluded with a whole-class discussion and/or lecture that will include clarification of concepts that may still not be understood, possible solutions proposed by your groups, and identification of areas of relatedness between the content of different problems.

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/

 


Roles and Responsibilities

 

In a PBL course, the roles and responsibilities of students and instructors may differ somewhat from other courses you have taken. Students assume more responsibility for their learning, while the instructor becomes a guide and mentor to students as they work through materials. As a general guideline, it is expected that students and the course instructor will make their best effort to fulfill the following obligations to one another:

 

Students are expected to:

 

            Come to class prepared and on time

            Participate in group discussions and problem-solving

            Fulfill responsibilities assigned by your group and the course instructor

            Listen politely to others’ expression of their opinions and ideas

            Provide and receive constructive feedback so that groups work effectively

 

The course instructor is expected to:

 

            Provide a challenging learning environment for the class

            Support students as they work in groups to solve problems

            Guide students to appropriate learning resources and strategies

            Listen to student views and concerns and take appropriate action

            Answer students’ questions, when and as appropriate

 

 

 

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/

 

 


Working in Groups

 

An important element in the success of this problem-based course is the use of student groups and how they function. Use of cooperative working groups in a statistics class fosters the development of a learning community and lessens the sense of isolation that students may otherwise feel. Working in a group offers an excellent opportunity for you to brainstorm, discuss ideas, try out solutions, etc., in a non-threatening atmosphere. Cooperative learning also increases the motivation to learn, and the interest to solve more complex problems. Social and team skills learned in student groups are important for success in the working world today. Whether this is your first time working in a learning group or you have had many previous experiences, you will probably have questions or reservations about the process. Here are some examples of questions that you might have about working in groups, along with responses that may address those concerns.

 

1.                  I don’t like to do all the work and let others take credit. How can I prevent this?

2.                  I’ve been in groups before, and I don’t like being slowed down by other group members. OR, I’m not really good in this subject and I’m afraid I’ll hold back by group. How can I change this?

3.                  What can I do to get group members to do their assignments?

4.                  I’m trying to get into graduate school, so grades are important to me. What if I’m in a group with students that don’t care about getting good grades?

 

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/


Working in Groups

 

  1. I don’t like to do all the work and let others take credit. How can I prevent this?

 

Roles

During an assignment each person in the group is expected to participate fully. To ensure that, it is important that each student be held individually accountable for his or her own performance. When each student group takes this seriously, “free riders” are discouraged and contributors to the group effort are rewarded. The first provision for emphasizing individual accountability is the assignment of roles of responsibility. Each member will be assigned a role to fulfill. These roles will rotate with each assignment or activity. The descriptions of responsibility for each of these roles follow:

 

Discussion Leader is responsible for moving the group forward in accomplishing the assignment. Refocuses the group if discussion goes astray. Makes sure each person has a chance to speak. Aids the group in summarizing conclusions. E.g., “Let’s focus on the problem” “Should we move on to the next question?”

 

Recorder/data entry technician is responsible for recording notes on discussions and initial problem-solving strategies and entering data for analysis. “Did we address all the parts of the problem?” “Is this the diagram we want?” “Are we in agreement now?” “Everyone check this draft before tomorrow.”

 

Skeptic/accuracy coach challenges the group consensus, checks for alternative ideas, probes for group understanding, locates resources, checks on involvement and understanding of all group members. “I’m not sure we’re on the right track.” “John, do you agree with Sue?” “Where did you find that information?” “Did you cite it?”

 

Ground Rules

Another important tool that will help group members ensure that all students contribute to the group effort is establishing and enforcing group ground-rules. While it is to be understood that students will treat one another with the concern and respect that they would wish for themselves, it is also important to establish ground rules and consequences for behavior when working in groups. Each group will decide on the ground rules they will adopt. Some examples of commonly used ground rules:

--Come to class on time every day

--Do all assignments and be prepared to discuss them

--Notify group members of absences

--Share information

--Respect the views and ideas of others

--Reporter should share a draft of any write up 2 days before it is due

--When ground rules are violated by one or more students, the group will not ignore it and will invoke appropriate consequences.

 

As in the world outside the classroom, rules need to be enforced with consequences or they may be ignored. Some examples of appropriate consequences for violators of the ground-rules are the following:

 

 

 

--group member will have a “time-out” period from the group and will be responsible for completing all work on his/her own

--group member will not receive a grade for an assignment to which he/she did not contribute

            --group member will be responsible for a greater share of the next assignment

--after 2 ground rule violations, a member can be expelled from the group permanently

 

Your group can establish other ground rules as long as everyone in the group is in consensus. The instructor will approve each group’s list of ground rules and consequences.

 

Please note that you will be given the opportunity to evaluate the contributions of each member of the group (including yourself) to the group’s progress; these comments will contribute to the group related portion of the course grade.

 

Make sure all members of the group have a copy of the ground rules, and provide a set for the instructor as well. Each group may pick a name for itself, for ease of reference in class discussions. Provide this on the list of ground rules. Be sure to share contact information with each other. Most group work will be done in class, but there may be occasions when you need to meet outside of class.

 

Postings/thought papers

Each group member’s investment in the material relevant to group assignments will also be gauged through a series of 10 blackboard postings to the instructor about readings and supplementary materials. These postings will take the form of e-mail messages from each individual group member that include responses to questions, thoughts about the material, and documentation of ideas members plan to take to the group regarding the material.

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/

 


 

2.         I’ve been in groups before and I don’t like being slowed down by other group members. OR I’m not really good in this subject and I’m afraid I’ll hold back my group. How can I change this?

 

One aspect of cooperative learning that helps maximize every student’s learning is explaining material to other group members. Every teacher will tell you that it isn’t until they’ve actually taught a topic that they have developed a deep understanding of it. When students teach other students they reinforce their own understanding of material, and are forced to face elements of a concept that might not be clearly understood. And many times students can understand another student’s explanation because s/he has also just learned the material and can clearly understand the conceptual pitfalls. So everyone is a winner in a cooperative group, the one who instructs and the one who listens—both students learn.

 

 

 

 

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/

 

 

            3.         What can I do to get group members to do their assignments?

 

If each group has written thoughtful ground-rules and consequences, then the next step that will help reinforce positive group behaviors and maximize individual accountability is giving helpful feedback to individuals and the group as a whole. Group feedback sessions should be scheduled two to three times a semester. The feedback sessions should begin with each individual stating what the group did well since the last feedback session, and what s/he thinks the group needs to change or improve in order to function better. You may find the form “Prompts for Discussion of Group Function” convenient to use to help your discussion begin. After the recorder lists all suggestions, the group can go on to discuss the feedback, then come to consensus on one or more goals for the group in the period of time until the next feedback session. For example, if some members of the group are not coming prepared to class, and this is leading to a breakdown in group discussion, the goals for the next two weeks could be one or more of the following:

 

Every member will arrive on time for class, prepared to discuss his/her assignment

 

The discussion leader or accuracy coach/skeptic will challenge each individual to contribute during discussions and discourage any splintered discussion

 

Each member will submit his/her assignment in writing as a part of the group record-keeping

 

After students have discussed the current functioning of their group and set goals for future interactions, they will then rate each individual’s contribution to the group and write feedback for each group member. The results of the ratings will be factored into each student’s grade.

 

Giving constructive feedback to members of your group is an important skill. It is also a powerful tool in managing the effectiveness of your group. The table below gives some examples of student behavior and some suggested feedback statements.

 

Good feedback:

 

            Describes behavior rather than criticizing or demeaning it

            Gives specific (rather than general) information about the behavior

            Is presented as an individual’s perceptions or feelings rather than as absolutes

            Focuses on behaviors and actions rather than on someone’s personality

            Focuses on behaviors that can be controlled or changed

 

Examples:

 

Student A is quiet and doesn’t contribute to the discussion. Sample feedback: “It would help the group if you would contribute to the discussion more often. The information and opinions that you do contribute are very knowledgeable and helpful to our learning.”

 

Student B dominates the discussion and is frequently incorrect. Sample feedback: “You contribute to the discussion but often do not allow others to speak. This hurts the group when your information may not be correct or complete, but others in the group do not have a chance to add their knowledge. Our group will be better if everyone has an opportunity to share what they know.”

 

Student C thinks s/he knows the material and tries to get the group to move quickly through the problem, getting impatient if anyone asks questions. Sample feedback: “You are a good resource of knowledge for the group, but when you encourage us to move too quickly through the problem, we don’t learn all the details that we need. It would be helpful to the group if you asked more challenging questions and helped answer others’ questions.”

 

 

4.         I’m trying to get into grad school, so grades are important to me. What if I’m in a group with students that don’t care about getting good grades?

                       

Group ground rules, roles of responsibility, documenting the activities of the group and individuals within the group, and peer pressure within the group help raise expectations of all group members. Each student is responsible for monitoring the functioning within his/her group and the academic level of the discussions, assignments, and research reported. If a student is in a group with another person who resists working as hard as the rest of the members, s/he needs to use all of the group-monitoring methods stated above, giving that individual truthful and direct feedback on his/her performance and the group’s expectations. As a last resort, students may wish to seek advice from the instructor, who will help you find ways to deal with conflict and will be prepared to intervene directly if necessary.

 

Credits:     In all syllabus sections about PBL and working groups, I have borrowed, with written permission and often verbatim, from the writings and syllabi of faculty of the University of Delaware’s Institute for Transforming Undergraduate Education (ITUE), including Deb Allen, Barb Duch, Sue Groh, and George Watson. Interested in learning more about PBL and ITUE? See http://www.udel.edu/pbl/

 


 

Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences

Assessment of Individual Performance in Groups

Name of Person You Are Assessing:

Your Name:

 

Group Name:

For each of the assessment categories below, place an"X" in the box that best indicates the extent to which you think that statement describes the person you are assessing. Fill one out for each member of your group and one for yourself. Forms are due at the start of class on the date given in the syllabus.

 

 

strongly
disagree

 
disagree

somewhat
agree

 
agree

strongly
agree

1.

Does not miss out on group activities by being absent.

 

 

 

 

 

2.

Does not miss out on group activities by being late.

 

 

 

 

 

3.

Finishes all jobs assigned by the group on time.

 

 

 

 

 

4.

Comes to class having read the material necessary for advancing group discussion.

 

 

 

 

 

5.

Listens well to others' contributions.

 

 

 

 

 

6.

Contributes to the group's discussion.

 

 

 

 

 

7.

Does not dominate the discussion.

 

 

 

 

 

8.

Brings new and relevant information to the group's discussion.

 

 

 

 

 

9.

Uses appropriate resources for researching problems.

 

 

 

 

 

10.

Presents logical ideas and arguments.

 

 

 

 

 

11.

Asks questions that promote clearer and deeper understanding.

 

 

 

 

 

12.

Communicates ideas and information clearly.

 

 

 

 

 

13.

Helps to identify and implement ways that the group can function better.

 

 

 

 

 

Please circle an overall rating:

1.  Excellent - Exceeds expectations

3.  OK - Improvement in some key areas needed

2.  Good - Meets expectations

4.  Major improvement needed

Please use the back of the form to respond to the following two statements. Link your responses to the ratings above as appropriate.

  1. Describe the ways in which this individual most helps your group's learning.
  2. Describe the ways in which a change in this person's behavior could improve your group's learning.

Copied from Deb Allen (Biological Sciences) website for BISC2078 at the University of Delaware.


 

Evaluation:

Group products will comprise a little more than one third of your grade, and individual products the other two thirds. The breakdown is as follows:

 

                        Group products:                                                   Pts.         %

                                6 major problems x 40 pts each                          240          24

                                3 group segment of exams x 20 pts                      60            6

                                2 ratings by group members x 30 pts                  60            6

 

                                                                Group total                            360          36

 

                                Individual products:                                            Pts.         %

                                10 homework postings x 20 pts                          200          20

                                8 in-class activities x 10 pts                                  80            8

3 individual segment of exams x 100 pts           300          30

                                2 participation ratings by instructor and

peer facilitator  x 30 pts         60            6

 

                                                                Individual total                     640          64

 

                                                                Total Points                          1000        100%

 

Problems, introduced above in sections on PBL, are examples of detailed, real-world situations in which understanding of statistics and the capacity to apply that understanding are important. Problems are of such a scope that they would be inordinately difficult and time-consuming to complete individually, but can be done with reasonable time and effort through group collaboration. The process of completion of these problems (the approach taken, line of thought followed, etc.) is often as important as the final solution, especially since in some cases more than one legitimate solution is possible. Integration of individual thoughts and contributions is necessary in order to produce the best possible solution. Simple division of labor among group members without integration/synthesis of each member’s findings typically does not result in a high quality solution.

 

Activities are also done in groups, but are shorter and less complex and can typically be finished in one class period. They provide experience with discrete concepts or skills. Individual write-ups are produced after group discussion of the activity topics, and grades assigned based on the quality of these individual products.

 

Exams are designed to assess your grasp of concepts, including the logic behind the use of various statistics, vocabulary, components of equations, etc.—the “what” and “why” of statistics in the behavioral sciences. Learning from problems, readings, lectures, homework postings, and in-class activities will be included, with the greatest emphasis on areas that have been addressed via two or more of these sources.  

 

The individual sections of the exams include multiple choice and short answer type questions, as well as longer written responses. Each of the three exams contributes an equal amount to your final grade, and each exam is based largely on information covered during that unit. However, in many instances you must understand the earlier material in order to understand the later material. The third exam will occur during the designated period of exam week.

 

The group sections of the exams will occur during the class period following the individual sections, should take approximately 20 minutes, and in general will resemble mini-problems.

 

Make-up exams are given only under extraordinary circumstances, when requested in advance, with a written, legitimate excuse, and taken before the other exams are returned. The group sections of the exams cannot be made up under any circumstances.

 

Please Note: Although the concepts we cover are quantitative, this course is relatively demanding in the areas of written comprehension and expression. Students (documented) eligible for accommodations through the Office of Equity and Diversity and the CTLE are urged to contact me during the first few days of the semester.

 

Postings, described in the above section on working in groups, are individual homework assignments designed to provoke thought regarding the problems and other relevant topics. They’re called “postings” because they will be posted to the instructor via Blackboard whenever feasible. Any attachments—equations, drawings, etc., should be turned in during the first few minutes of class. Due dates for postings are listed on the syllabus. Postings received after 3:55 p.m. on the date on which they are due will not be accepted.

 

Reading assignments are listed on this syllabus. In order to gain the most from class and contribute as much as possible to your group, you should read the indicated chapters before you come to class on the day the chapters are to be addressed. NOTE: In the course of working on a problem you should view your text as a resource and feel free to seek information from chapters that have not yet been assigned.

 

Grades are based on percentages of the highest total score earned by an individual in the class, according to the following breakdown:

 

                        %                                            Pts. (approx.)

93-100  = A                              925-1000

90-92    = A-                             895-924

86-89    = B+                             855-894

82-85    = B                               815-854

78-81    = B-                             775-814

74-77    = C+                             735-774

70-73    = C                               695-734

66-69    = C-                             655-694

62-65    = D+                            615-654

58-61    = D                              575-614

57 & below = F                         574 & below

 

Written work, group and individual, is graded based on the following rubric:


Generic Rubric for Problems and in-class Assignments

 

A range (9-10 pts. assignments; 36-40 pts. problems): “Exemplary”

 

Completeness: all parts of each section of the problem or assignment have been addressed.

 

Clarity, Accuracy, and Logic: presentation of the central problems and the proposed solution are clear. It is apparent that you identified and understood the central issues to be addressed, used statistical terminology correctly, and approached central issues in a logical fashion. Line of reasoning is easy to follow.

 

Thoughtfulness/Depth of Content: evidence/arguments presented to support your solution are compelling, unusually well explained, fully supported, verified, and justified, and go beyond the information given. If the problem entails supporting one perspective over another, both are given thorough consideration and the solution fully justified.

 

Integration: as appropriate, relevant concepts from text (anywhere in the text), Gilovich, and/or lecture are included in the response. When feasible, separate sections of the problem or steps of the assignment are pulled together, or at least remembered and referenced, in the final product. When appropriate, concepts from previous problems/activities are also included. Helpful applications or generalizations are included.

 

B range (7-8 pts. assignments; 31-35 pts. problems): “Proficient”

 

Completeness: all parts of each section of the problem or assignment have been addressed.

 

Clarity, Accuracy, and Logic: appropriate definitions are applied to central concepts and the proposed solution(s), minor confusion evident in treatment of less central concepts. The approach is generally sensible and well organized, although a few minor points may be confusing. No significant errors are made.

 

Thoughtfulness/Depth of Content: evidence/arguments presented to support your solution are reasonable and well explained but common and not particularly compelling, and do not go beyond the information given. Reasoning for supporting one perspective over another is not thoroughly explicated, with one perspective receiving the majority of the attention.

 

Integration: some integration of relevant concepts, though these are not necessarily clearly identified. Lack of flow or recognition of connections between separate sections or steps of the problem, and between course materials.

 

C-D range (less than 7 pts. assignments; 30 or fewer pts. problems): “Marginal”

 

Completeness: most major sections of the problem or assignment have been addressed. Minor points have been overlooked.

 

Clarity, Accuracy, and Logic: Report can be followed with effort, but arguments are not clear and organization seems haphazard. Misuse of some statistical terminology, apparent misunderstanding of some concepts. Enough errors are made to distract a knowledgeable reader, but some information is accurate.

 

Thoughtfulness/Depth of Content: Shallow processing. Solutions appear to have been reached quickly, without time or effort for adequate thought. Arguments to support solution are incomplete and/or not compelling. If one perspective is to be supported over another, it is selected based on intuition and first-glance impressions rather than thought and reasoning.

 

Integration: generally lacking. Little or no attempt is made to tie problems to readings from text/Gilovich/lecture or to other relevant real-world situations. No evidence of recognition of relatedness or continuity of statistical concepts.


 

Attendance:

Attendance is mandatory--poor attendance has a serious negative impact on the functioning and morale of your group. Every three absences will result in a drop of ½ step in your final grade for the course (e.g., from a B+ to a B, C to a C-, etc.), in addition to any penalties imposed by your group. You are responsible for knowing all announcements made in class, including those related to any changes in the attached schedule.

 

Please refer to the University’s Academic code of Honesty (revised May 1998). Dishonest examination or quiz behavior on your part will result in the assignment of a grade of F for the course. As stated in the Student Handbook: Failures in the area of academic honesty strike at the heart of what is essential to the University community—the pursuit of truth.

 

Extra Credit--weekly content quizzes:

Group functioning is essential to optimal performance on problems and other group work. Groups cannot function properly when one or more members are not reading and otherwise devoting at least a minimum amount of thought and effort before classes in which group work takes place. Although it is preferable for group members to work out conflicts among themselves, this can be awkward at first and does not always attain desired results. I reserve the right to change group membership if needed.

 

In order to encourage reading and preparation, unannounced quizzes will be given during the first five minutes of class, approximately once per week throughout the semester. Quizzes consist of one or two simple questions from the readings. They are designed to assess preparation for class, and do not require a full grasp of the material (I do not expect you to fully grasp the material before we go over it in class). Passing 8 of the quizzes will raise your exam grade at the end of the semester by ½ step (e.g., from a B- to B, B+ to A-), a major potential bonus for those who are prepared but have difficulty understanding the material or problems with test-taking. Failing any 3 quizzes in a row will result in lowering of your personal score for all group work completed during the time period covered by those three quizzes.

 

Office hours: 

My office hours are listed at the top of this syllabus. I am heavily invested in your learning and success and WANT to you visit me, repeatedly if needed, to go over any material you find particularly difficult. Make an appointment if you cannot come during office hours.


Fall 2004 Course Schedule (Tentative)

I reserve the right to make changes to this schedule. Changes will be announced in class and/or on Blackboard.

NOTE: Readings in the [brackets] should be done before class on the date on which they are listed!

 

Aug 30    M            Syllabus (abbreviated form), Introduction to operation of groups, Assignment to groups

Sep 1       W            Ground rules; Lecture: statistical literacy Activity 1: good polls, bad polls [Blackboard Syllabus; Gilovich Ch. 1 & 2]

Sep 3       F              Lecture: hypothesis-testing basics, introduction to SPSS—Darwin’s data [Gilovich Ch. 3, 4, 11]

 

Sep 6       M            Labor day, no classes

Sep 8       W            Posting 1 due: “the other two squares”; Problem 1: Bootlegging Grannies [Minium Ch. 1, 20]

Sep 10     F              Continued

 

Sep 13     M            wrap up Problem 1; begin Posting 2: Political issue of choice

Sep 15     W            turn in final version of Problem 1; complete Posting 2 in class, turn it in

Sep 17     F              Activity 2: Chi-Square research article; Lecture: summary to date, introduction to quantitative data

 

Sep 20     M            Problem 2: The Disgruntled Baseball Fan [Minium Ch. 3 & 4][2 for reference]

Sep 22     W            finish problem 2 in class

Sep 24     F